A line once built to ease the pilgrimage and bind the Muslim world together may yet prove to be the blueprint for reclaiming that world's strategic coherence, and its freedom of movement.
Experts have observed that the centrality of currencies such as the U.S. dollar and the euro has itself facilitated these measures. Thus, politically motivated asset freezes have started prompting some states to reconsider their exposure to Western financial systems
Kerem Duymuş, a Turkish-origin researcher at Leipzig University, recently published an article in the Sokoto Journal of History. He challenges the widespread belief that no significant diplomatic relationship existed between the Ottoman Empire and the Sokoto Caliphate.
They appear indifferent to the children killed in schools or the rising death toll among innocent Iranians. What is more disturbing is that these people are not Jewish, nor are they radical Christian evangelicals. They are, in fact, Iranians—at least by origin. They are commonly referred to as Pahlavists.
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